Odysseus, his descent into hell, and discourses with the ghosts of the deceased heroes.
奥德修斯、他下到地狱，并与已故英雄的魂魄交谈。

‘Now when we had gone down to the ship and to the sea, first of all we drew the ship unto the fair salt water and placed the mast and sails in the black ship, and took those sheep and put them therein, and ourselves too climbed on board, sorrowing, and shedding big tears. —
‘当我们下到船和海边时，我们首先把船拖到美丽的海水边，把桅杆和帆放到黑船上，把那些羊放进去，然后我们也登上船，伤心地流着大眼泪。 —

And in the wake of our dark-prowed ship she sent a favouring wind that filled the sails, a kindly escort — even Circe of the braided tresses, a dread goddess of human speech. —
在我们黑船的航迹后面，她派出一阵填满风帆的有利风，这位辫发女神——西西里，人类言语中的可怕女神，是我们的亲切护送者。 —

And we set in order all the gear throughout the ship and sat us down; —
我们整理了船上的所有装备，并坐下来； —

and the wind and the helmsman guided our barque. —
风和舵手引导着我们的船只。 —

And all day long her sails were stretched in her seafaring; —
船在整天的航行中一直拉着帆； —

and the sun sank and all the ways were darkened.
太阳落下，所有的路都变暗了。

‘She came to the limits of the world, to the deep-flowing Oceanus. —
‘船来到了世界的尽头，到了深河奥刻阿诺斯。 —

There is the land and the city of the Cimmerians, shrouded in mist and cloud, and never does the shining sun look down on them with his rays, neither when he climbs up the starry heavens, nor when again he turns earthward from the firmament, but deadly night is outspread over miserable mortals. —
那里是克密利亚人的土地和城市，被薄雾和云层笼罩，光辉的太阳从未用他的光芒照射这些人，无论他是从星空中爬升还是又从天幕转向地面，但致命的黑夜笼罩着可怜的凡人。 —

Thither we came and ran the ship ashore and took out the sheep; —
我们来到那里，把船停靠在岸边，然后把羊带了出来； —

but for our part we held on our way along the stream of Oceanus, till we came to the place which Circe had declared to us.
但我们继续顺着奥刻阿诺斯的河流前行，直到我们来到西西里告诉我们的地方。

‘There Perimedes and Eurylochus held the victims, but I drew my sharp sword from my thigh, and dug a pit, as it were a cubit in length and breadth, and about it poured a drink-offering to all the dead, first with mead and thereafter with sweet wine, and for the third time with water. —
‘佩里迈德斯和尤利洛库斯拿着牺牲品，但我从大腿上拔出锋利的剑，挖了一个坑，像一个肘长宽长，然后向所有的死者倾倒了一杯祭品，先是蜜酒，然后是美酒，第三次是水。 —

And I sprinkled white meal thereon, and entreated with many prayers the strengthless heads of the dead, and promised that on my return to Ithaca I would offer in my halls a barren heifer, the best I had, and fill the pyre with treasure, and apart unto Teiresias alone sacrifice a black ram without spot, the fairest of my flock. —
我在上面撒了白面粉，并用许多祈祷恳求着已故之人的灵魂，承诺，当我回到伊萨卡时，我将在我的大厅里献上一头最好的不母牛，用财宝填满火葬，然后单独给忒里西阿斯献祭一头毫无瑕疵的黑公羊，我们羊群中最美丽的。 —

But when I had besought the tribes of the dead with vows and prayers, I took the sheep and cut their throats over the trench, and the dark blood flowed forth, and lo, the spirits of the dead that be departed gathered them from out of Erebus. —
但当我向死者支派祈祷求告时，我宰了羊，划断了它们的喉咙，暗红的血液流淌出来，呀，已经去世的灵魂们从黑暗中的埃里伯斯聚集起来。 —

Brides and youths unwed, and old men of many and evil days, and tender maidens with grief yet fresh at heart; —
未婚新娘、未婚青年，许多而邪恶的老人，以及伤心尚未平复的娇嫩少女。 —

and many there were, wounded with bronze-shod spears, men slain in fight with their bloody mail about them. —
有许多人被铜制矛刺伤，他们被战斗中的血淋淋的铠甲包围着，死在了战斗中。 —

And these many ghosts flocked together from every side about the trench with a wondrous cry, and pale fear gat hold on me. —
这许多鬼魂从四面八方聚集在壕沟周围，发出令人惊恐的哭声，我被惊恐所困。 —

Then did I speak to my company and command them to flay the sheep that lay slain by the pitiless sword, and to consume them with fire, and to make prayer to the gods, to mighty Hades and to dread Persephone, and myself I drew the sharp sword from my thigh and sat there, suffering not the strengthless heads of the dead to draw nigh to the blood, ere I had word of Teiresias.
我命令我的同伴剥掉被无情之剑刺杀的羊的皮，用火燃烧他们，并向强大的哈得斯和可怕的珀耳塞福涅祈祷，我自己拔出大腿上的利剑坐在那里，不让无力的死者的头颅靠近鲜血，直到我得到提瑞西亚斯的指示。

‘And first came the soul of Elpenor, my companion, that had not yet been buried beneath the wide-wayed earth; —
“首先来到我视线的是我的同伴埃尔佩诺的灵魂，他尚未被埋入辽阔黄泉之下； —

for we left the corpse behind us in the hall of Circe, unwept and unburied, seeing that another task was instant on us. —
因为我们在赛西的大厅留下了这个尸体，没有痛哭也没有埋葬这是因为有另一项紧急任务在我们身上。 —

At the sight of him I wept and had compassion on him, and uttering my voice spake to him winged words: —
看到他，我哭了，对他怜悯，发出声音对他说： —

“Elpenor, how hast thou come beneath the darkness and the shadow? —
“埃尔佩诺，你是如何到达阴暗和阴影之下的？ —

Thou hast come fleeter on foot than I in my black ship.”
你比我在黑色船上快速。”

‘So spake I, and with a moan he answered me, saying: —
他以哀鸣回答我说：” —

“Son of Laertes, of the seed of Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, an evil doom of some god was my bane and wine out of measure. —
“拉阿提之子，宙斯的后裔，智谋多端的奥德修斯，是某位神的不幸命令和无法无忧。 —

When I laid me down on the house-top of Circe I minded me not to descend again by the way of the tall ladder, but fell right down from the roof, and my neck was broken off from the bones of the spine, and my spirit went down to the house of Hades. And now I pray thee in the name of those whom we left, who are no more with us, thy wife, and thy sire who cherished thee when as yet thou wert a little one, and Telemachus, whom thou didst leave in thy halls alone; —
当我躺在赛西的房顶上时，我没有想到不再通过高高的楼梯下去，而是直接从屋顶摔下，我的脖子从脊骨上的骨头上断裂，我的灵魂下到了哈得斯的住所。 现在，我以我们离开的那些人的名义向你祈祷，那些我们留下的不再与我们在一起的人，你的妻子，你在你还是一个小孩时就养育你的父亲，以及当时你在家里留下的忒勒马科斯； —

forasmuch as I know that on thy way hence from out the dwelling of Hades, thou wilt stay thy well-wrought ship at the isle Aeaean, even then, my lord, I charge thee to think on me. —
因为我知道你离开阴间之家返回途中，你将在爱奥尼亚岛停留，即便那时，我的主人，我也要求你记得我。 —

Leave me not unwept and unburied as thou goest hence, nor turn thy back upon me, lest haply I bring on thee the anger of the gods. —
不要在你离开时不为我痛哭和掩埋我，也不要转过身离开我，以免我招致神灵的愤怒。 —

Nay, burn me there with mine armour, all that is mine, and pile me a barrow on the shore of the grey sea, the grave of a luckless man, that even men unborn may hear my story. —
不，烧掉我的护甲和我所有的东西，给我在那海岸上堆起一个坟冢，那是一个不幸之人的坟墓，使未来的人们听到我的故事。 —

Fulfil me this and plant upon the barrow mine oar, wherewith I rowed in the days of my life, while yet I was among my fellows.”
履行这个请求，并在坟墓上安放我的桨，我在生命中曾经用过的桨，当时我还和我的同伴们在一起。”

‘Even so he spake, and I answered him saying: —
“他这样说着，我回答他说： —

“All this, luckless man, will I perform for thee and do.”
‘“这一切，不幸的人，我会为你完成并实现。”

‘Even so we twain were sitting holding sad discourse, I on the one side, stretching forth my sword over the blood, while on the other side the ghost of my friend told all his tale.
‘‘就这样，我们俩坐在一起悲伤地交谈，我一边伸出剑在血上方，另一边，我的朋友的幽灵讲述了他的故事。

‘Anon came up the soul of my mother dead, Anticleia, the daughter of Autolycus the great-hearted, whom I left alive when I departed for sacred Ilios. At the sight of her I wept, and was moved with compassion, yet even so, for all my sore grief, I suffered her not to draw nigh to the blood, ere I had word of Teiresias.
‘‘我母亲的灵魂来了，已故的安提克莉亚，阿托利库斯伟大心灵的女儿，我去圣洁的特洛伊时留下了她。看到她，我哭了，感到怜悯，但即便如此，尽管悲伤万分，我也不让她靠近那道血，直到我得到忒里西亚斯的讯息。

‘Anon came the soul of Theban Teiresias, with a golden sceptre in his hand, and he knew me and spake unto me: —
‘‘接着，底比斯人忒瑞西亚斯的灵魂来了，手持金杖，他认出了我，对我说： —

“Son of Laertes, of the seed of Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, what seekest thou NOW, wretched man, wherefore hast thou left the sunlight and come hither to behold the dead and a land desolate of joy? —
“勒提斯之子，宙斯的后裔奥德修斯，多谋略的人，你现在在找什么，可怜的人，你为什么离开阳光，来到这里看见死者和一片没有快乐的土地？ —

Nay, hold off from the ditch and draw back thy sharp sword, that I may drink of the blood and tell thee sooth.”
不，把剑放开，收起你锋利的剑，让我能喝到那血，告诉你事实。”

‘So spake he and I put up my silver-studded sword into the sheath, and when he had drunk the dark blood, even then did the noble seer speak unto me, saying: —
“他这样说完之后，我将镶着银饰的剑放回剑鞘，当他喝下黑色的血液之后，高贵的先知对我说道： —

“Thou art asking of thy sweet returning, great Odysseus, but that will the god make hard for thee; for methinks thou shalt not pass unheeded by the Shaker of the Earth, who hath laid up wrath in his heart against thee, for rage at the blinding of his dear son. —
“你正在询问你甜蜜的归去之路，伟大的奥德修斯，但是神会让这对你困难重重；因为我觉得你不会被海之摇动者所忽视，他心中怀有愤怒，因为你让他心爱的儿子失明。 —

Yet even so, through many troubles, ye may come home, if thou wilt restrain thy spirit and the spirit of thy men so soon as thou shalt bring thy well-wrought ship nigh to the isle Thrinacia, fleeing the sea of violet blue, when ye find the herds of Helios grazing and his brave flocks, of Helios who overseeth all and overheareth all things. —
然而即便如此，通过种种困难，你也许能回家，只要你在靠近特里纳基亚之岛时约束你的精神和你手下的人，逃离这碧蓝之海，当你遇到赫利俄斯的牧草和他伟大的群羊时，他是宇宙一切的监视者和无一不知的听众。 —

If thou doest these no hurt, being heedful of thy return, so may ye yet reach Ithaca, albeit in evil case. —
如果你不伤害它们，谨慎地考虑你的归去，你们也许能到达伊萨卡，尽管情况不佳。 —

But if thou hurtest them, I foreshow ruin for thy ship and for thy men, and even though thou shalt thyself escape, late shalt thou return in evil plight, with the loss of all thy company, on board the ship of strangers, and thou shalt find sorrows in thy house, even proud men that devour thy living, while they woo thy godlike wife and offer the gifts of wooing. —
但如果你伤害它们，我预示你的船和你的人会遭受毁灭，即使你自己逃脱，你也会在悔恨中迟迟回去，与陌生人的船上失去所有的同伴，而你会在家中遇到忧伤，甚至是那些贪吃你的财产、求婚你伟大妻子并送上求娶礼物的自负之人。 —

Yet I tell thee, on thy coming thou shalt avenge their violence. —
但是我告诉你，你回来后会为他们的暴力行为报复。 —

But when thou hast slain the wooers in thy halls, whether by guile, or openly with the edge of the sword, thereafter go thy way, taking with thee a shapen oar, till thou shalt come to such men as know not the sea, neither eat meat savoured with salt; —
“当你在大厅里杀死求婚者时，不管是用奸计还是明目张胆地用剑锋，之后你要离开，带着一支制成船桨，直到你碰到不识海的人，他们不吃用盐调味的肉；” —

yea, nor have they knowledge of ships of purple cheek, nor shapen oars which serve for wings to ships. —
是的，他们也不知晓有朱颜的船只，也不知道船桨是如何为船只提供翅膀的。 —

And I will give thee a most manifest token, which cannot escape thee. —
我会给你一个明显的标志，你不可能忽略。 —

In the day when another wayfarer shall meet thee and say that thou hast a winnowing fan on thy stout shoulder, even then make fast thy shapen oar in the earth and do goodly sacrifice to the lord Poseidon, even with a ram and a bull and a boar, the mate of swine, and depart for home and offer holy hecatombs to the deathless gods that keep the wide heaven, to each in order due. —
当另一个过路人遇见你并说你肩上扛着一个簸箕时，你就应该将你的船桨牢牢地固定在地上，然后向海神波塞冬献上供品，包括一只公羊、一头牛和一头野猪，并回家献上神圣的百头牺牲给守护广阔天空的不朽神祗们，每位依次恭敬。 —

And from the sea shall thine own death come, the gentlest death that may be, which shall end thee foredone with smooth old age, and the folk shall dwell happily around thee. —
你的死亡将来源于海洋，是可能最温和的死亡方式，结束时你已经很老了，人们将幸福地围绕在你身边。 —

This that I say is sooth.”
我所说的一切都是真实的。”

‘So spake he, and I answered him, saying: —
我这样说着，对他回答道： —

“Teiresias, all these threads, methinks, the gods themselves have spun. —
“忒里修斯，我觉得这一切都是神祗们自己编织的。 —

But come, declare me this and plainly tell me all. I see here the spirit of my mother dead; —
但告诉我这个吧，把所有的都清晰地告诉我。我看到这里已故的母亲的灵魂； —

lo, she sits in silence near the blood, nor deigns to look her son in the face nor speak to him! —
哦，她静静地坐在血旁，不屑面对自己的儿子，也不愿与他说话！ —

Tell me, prince, how may she know me again that I am he?”
王子，请告诉我，她怎样才会认出我是他那个儿子呢？”

‘So spake I, and anon he answered me, and said: —
“我会告诉你一个简单的话语，并且把它放在你心中。 —

“I will tell thee an easy saying, and will put it in thy heart. —
无论一个死去的灵魂是否愿意接近这血，他都会告诉你真相； —

Whomsoever of the dead that be departed thou shalt suffer to draw nigh to the blood, he shall tell thee sooth; —
但如果你对某个灵魂抱有怀疑，那个人将再次回到自己的地方。 —

but if thou shalt grudge any, that one shall go to his own place again. —
” 忒里修斯王子的灵魂说完他所有的预言后回到阴间。 —

” Therewith the spirit of the prince Teiresias went back within the house of Hades, when he had told all his oracles. —
15. 完。 —

But I abode there steadfastly, till my mother drew nigh and drank the dark blood; —
但我就这样坚定地留在那里，直到我母亲走近并喝了那暗深的血； —

and at once she knew me, and bewailing herself spake to me winged words:
她立刻认出了我，伤心地对我说着有翅膀的话语：

‘“Dear child, how didst thou come beneath the darkness and the shadow, thou that art a living man? —
“亲爱的孩子，你是如何来到黑暗和阴影之下的？你明明是一个活人； —

Grievous is the sight of these things to the living, for between us and you are great rivers and dreadful streams; —
对活人而言，这些事物是令人悲伤的景象，因为我们之间有着广大的河流和可怕的溪流； —

first, Oceanus, which can no wise be crossed on foot, but only if one have a well wrought ship. —
首先是厄得剌斯河，无法徒步横渡，唯有有一艘精心制作的船才能过； —

Art thou but now come hither with thy ship and thy company in thy long wanderings from Troy? —
你是刚从特洛伊归来，带着你的船和同伴数日的漫长旅程来到这里的吗？ —

and hast thou not yet reached Ithaca, nor seen thy wife in thy halls?”
你还没到达伊萨卡岛，还没见到你的妻子在家中？”

‘Even so she spake, and I answered her, and said: —
‘即便如此她讲话，我回答她说： —

“O my mother, necessity was on me to come down to the house of Hades to seek to the spirit of Theban Teiresias. —
“哦，我的母亲，有必要使我下到阴间之宅，去探寻底比斯的幽灵。 —

For not yet have I drawn near to the Achaean shore, nor yet have I set foot on mine own country, but have been wandering evermore in affliction, from the day that first I went with goodly Agamemnon to Ilios of the fair steeds, to do battle with the Trojans. —
因为我还没有靠近亚该亚海岸，也没有踏上自己的国土，而是一直在痛苦中漂泊，从我第一次随着英俊的阿伽门农去到拥有美马的伊利奥斯，与特洛伊人作战的那一天开始。 —

But come, declare me this and plainly tell it all. —
但是，请告诉我这个，明确地告诉我。 —

What doom overcame thee of death that lays men at their length? —
是什么死亡命运让你躺下了？ —

Was it a slow disease, or did Artemis the archer slay thee with the visitation of her gentle shafts? And tell me of my father and my son, that I left behind me; —
是慢性疾病吗，还是阿尔忒弥斯射手用她温柔的箭矢杀死了你？并告诉我我的父亲和我的儿子，我留下了他们； —

doth my honour yet abide with them, or hath another already taken it, while they say that I shall come home no more? —
我的名誉还与他们同在吗，还是已经有人取代了，他们说我不能再回家了？ —

And tell me of my wedded wife, of her counsel and her purpose, doth she abide with her son and keep all secure, or hath she already wedded the best of the Achaeans?”
并告诉我我的妻子，她的计划和目的，她是否与儿子同在，保护一切安全，还是她已经嫁给了最优秀的阿该亚人？”

‘Even so I spake, and anon my lady mother answered me: —
‘即便如此我讲话，很快我的女主人回答我说： —

“Yea verily, she abideth with steadfast spirit in thy halls; —
“是的，她坚定的精神在你的大厅里等待； —

and wearily for her the nights wane always and the days in shedding of tears. —
她每天在流泪中度过，夜晚也是如此。 —

But the fair honour that is thine no man hath yet taken; —
但是尚无人夺走你的美好荣誉； —

but Telemachus sits at peace on his demesne, and feasts at equal banquets, whereof it is meet that a judge partake, for all men bid him to their house. —
但忒勒玛科斯安心地坐在他的领地上，并在酒宴上享受平等待遇，这是一个评判者应该参与的，因为所有人都邀请他到自己家里。 —

And thy father abides there in the field, and goes not down to the town, nor lies he on bedding or rugs or shining blankets, but all the winter he sleeps, where sleep the thralls in the house, in the ashes by the fire, and is clad in sorry raiment. —
你的父亲卧在田野里，不下城镇，也不躺在床上或毯子上，仅在冬天他和家奴们一起睡在火炉旁的灰烬上，身着破烂的衣服。 —

But when the summer comes and the rich harvest-tide, his beds of fallen leaves are strewn lowly all about the knoll of his vineyard plot. —
但当夏天来临，丰收季节，他的藤园小山上的枯叶被铺满。” —

There he lies sorrowing and nurses his mighty grief, for long desire of thy return, and old age withal comes heavy upon him. —
他在那里忧伤，抚养着他强烈的悲痛，因为长时间盼望着你的归来，而老年的沉重也随之降临在他身上。 —

Yea and even so did I too perish and meet my doom. —
是的，我也是这样毁灭了，迎来了我的命运。 —

It was not the archer goddess of the keen sight, who slew me in my halls with the visitation of her gentle shafts, nor did any sickness come upon me, such as chiefly with a sad wasting draws the spirit from the limbs; —
并不是那位射手女神以敏锐的视力射杀了我在自己的大厅里，也没有任何疾病降临在我身上，尤其是那种使人心灵逃离肢体的悲伤的折磨； —

nay, it was my sore longing for thee, and for thy counsels, great Odysseus, and for thy loving-kindness, that reft me of sweet life.”
相反，是对你深深的怀念，对你的计划，伟大的奥德修斯，以及对你的仁爱，使我失去了美好的生命。”

‘So spake she, and I mused in my heart and would fain have embraced the spirit of my mother dead. —
‘她如此说着，我在心中沉思，渴望拥抱我已故母亲的灵魂。 —

Thrice I sprang towards her, and was minded to embrace her; —
我向她扑去三次，想要拥抱她； —

thrice she flitted from my hands as a shadow or even as a dream, and sharp grief arose ever at my heart. —
她却三次从我的手中溜走，像影子或梦一样，尖锐的悲伤永远萦绕在我心头。 —

And uttering my voice I spake to her winged words:
我张开嘴唇对她说出有翅膀的话语:

‘“Mother mine, wherefore dost thou not abide me who am eager to clasp thee, that even in Hades we twain may cast our arms each about the other, and have our fill of chill lament? —
“我的母亲，为什么你不等我，我渴望拥抱你，即使在冥府我们两人也可以相互拥抱，尽情哀伤？ —

Is this but a phantom that the high goddess Persephone hath sent me, to the end that I may groan for more exceeding sorrow?”
这难道只是冥后波斯耳佩涅送给我的幻影，以至于我会为更大的悲伤而呻吟吗？”

‘So spake I, and my lady mother answered me anon: —
‘我这样说着，我亲爱的母亲立即回答我: —

“Ah me, my child, of all men most ill-fated, Persephone, the daughter of Zeus, doth in no wise deceive thee, but even on this wise it is with mortals when they die. —
“啊，我的孩子，你是最不幸的人，宙斯之女珀耳赛福涅并没有欺骗你，但当人类死去时，通常都是这样的。 —

For the sinews no more bind together the flesh and the bones, but the great force of burning fire abolishes these, so soon as the life hath left the white bones, and the spirit like a dream flies forth and hovers near. —
因为筋肉再也没有连接牢骨，而是一团灼热的大火抹除了它们，一旦生命离开白骨，灵魂像一场梦一样飞走并在附近徘徊。 —

But haste with all thine heart toward the sunlight, and mark all this, that even hereafter thou mayest tell it to thy wife.”
但要竭尽全力快步走向阳光，并留心这一切，以便日后你可以告诉你的妻子。”

‘Thus we twain held discourse together; —
‘我们两人交谈着； —

and lo, the women came up, for the high goddess Persephone sent them forth, all they that had been the wives and daughters of mighty men. —
看哪，女人们走过来了，因为至高女神珀尔塞福涅派遣她们前来，她们是那些曾是强大男人的妻子和女儿。 —

And they gathered and flocked about the black blood, and I took counsel how I might question them each one. —
她们聚集在黑血周围，我决定一一询问她们。 —

And this was the counsel that showed best in my sight. —
我觉得最好的办法是这样。 —

I drew my long hanger from my stalwart thigh, and suffered them not all at one time to drink of the dark blood. —
我从胯下抽出我的长匕首，让她们不能一次性都喝下那黑暗的血液。 —

So they drew nigh one by one, and each declared her lineage, and I made question of all.
于是她们一个接一个地走近，每人都宣称自己的血统，我向她们提出问题。

‘Then verily did I first see Tyro, sprung of a noble sire, who said that she was the child of noble Salmoneus, and declared herself the wife of Cretheus, son of Aeolus. —
我最先看见的是蒂罗，出身高贵的塞尔蒙伊斯，自称是爱奥洛斯之子克勒底奥斯的妻子。 —

She loved a river, the divine Enipeus, far the fairest of the floods that run upon the earth, and she would resort to the fair streams of Enipeus. —
她爱上了一条河流，神圣的艾涅佩乌斯，是地球上最美丽的河流之一，她经常去艾涅佩乌斯的清澈溪流。 —

And it came to pass that the girdler of the world, the Earth-shaker, put on the shape of the god, and lay by the lady at the mouths of the whirling stream. —
海神地震者变身成那位神，与女士相会在旋涡奔流的入口处。 —

Then the dark wave stood around them like a hill-side bowed, and hid the god and the mortal woman. —
黑暗的波浪像弯曲的山坡般围绕着他们，掩盖了神明和凡人女子。 —

And he undid her maiden girdle, and shed a slumber over her. —
他解开了她的处女腰带，让她沉入沉睡。 —

Now when the god had done the work of love, he clasped her hand and spake and hailed her:
当神明完成了爱情之举后，牵起她的手，对她说道并祝福她：

‘“Woman, be glad in our love, and when the year comes round thou shalt give birth to glorious children — for not weak are the embraces of the gods — and do thou keep and cherish them. —
“女人，在我们的爱情中欢喜吧，等到一年之后，你将会诞下光荣的子女 — 因为神祇的拥抱并不是弱小的 — 你要保护和珍视他们。 —

And now go home and hold thy peace, and tell it not: —
现在回家，保持沉默，切勿泄露： —

but behold, I am Poseidon, shaker of the earth.”
但要知晓，我是海神波塞冬，震撼大地者。”

‘Therewith he plunged beneath the heaving deep. —
说完便沉入涌动的深海中。 —

And she conceived and bare Pelias and Neleus, who both grew to be mighty men, servants of Zeus. Pelias dwelt in wide Iolcos, and was rich in flocks; —
她怀孕生下了伟大的人，毕利亚斯和涅利俄斯，他们都成为了宙斯的仆人。毕利亚斯住在宽阔的伊奥尔库斯，拥有丰富的羊群； —

and that other abode in sandy Pylos. And the queen of women bare yet other sons to Cretheus, even Aeson and Pheres and Amythaon, whose joy was in chariots.
那位女王生下了克瑞忒俄斯的另外几个儿子，包括阿伊森、费瑞斯和阿米塔翁，他们的喜悦在于战车。

‘And after her I saw Antiope, daughter of Asopus, and her boast was that she had slept even in the arms of Zeus, and she bare two sons, Amphion and Zethus, who founded first the place of seven-gated Thebes, and they made of it a fenced city, for they might not dwell in spacious Thebes unfenced, for all their valiancy.
“接着我看到安提俄佩，亚索珀斯的女儿，她自吹自擂曾与宙斯共眠，后来生下了两个儿子，安菲翁和泽苏斯，他们建立了七门斗牛城，将它建成了一座有围墙的城市，因为他们无法居住在没有围墙的宽敞斗牛城，尽管他们勇敢无畏。

‘Next to her I saw Alcmene, wife of Amphitryon, who lay in the arms of mighty Zeus, and bare Heracles of the lion-heart, steadfast in the fight. —
“接着我看到了阿尔克门妮，安菲特琼的妻子，她曾与伟大的宙斯共眠，生下了心如狮子的英雄赫拉克勒斯，战斗中坚不可摧。 —

And I saw Megara, daughter of Creon, haughty of heart, whom the strong and tireless son of Amphitryon had to wife.
我看到了克瑞翁的女儿梅加拉，心高气傲，她嫁给了安菲特琼的坚强而不知疲倦的儿子。

‘And I saw the mother of Oedipodes, fair Epicaste, who wrought a dread deed unwittingly, being wedded to her own son, and he that had slain his own father wedded her, and straightway the gods made these things known to men. —
“我看到了欧狄庇得的母亲，美丽的厄皮卡斯泰，她无意中犯下可怕的罪行，与自己的儿子结婚了，而杀死自己父亲的他也娶了她，神灵立刻将这些事情告诉了人们。 —

Yet he abode in pain in pleasant Thebes, ruling the Cadmaeans, by reason of the deadly counsels of the gods. —
他却在宜人的斗牛城承受痛苦，管理着卡德梅亚人，因为神的致命建议。 —

But she went down to the house of Hades, the mighty warder; —
但她下到哈得斯的住所，这位强大的看守； —

yea, she tied a noose from the high beam aloft, being fast holden in sorrow; —
是的，她将绳套系到高高的横梁上，被悲伤困住； —

while for him she left pains behind full many, even all that the Avengers of a mother bring to pass.
而她给了他许多母亲的复仇者造成的痛苦。

‘And I saw lovely Chloris, whom Neleus wedded on a time for her beauty, and brought gifts of wooing past number. —
“我看到了可爱的克洛瑞斯，她曾因美貌而被涅俄斯娶去，并带来无数求爱的礼物。 —

She was the youngest daughter of Amphion, son of Iasus, who once ruled mightily in Minyan Orchomenus. —
她是雅索斯之子安菲翁的最小女儿，曾在迷涅王国奥尔克门诺斯有过强大的统治力。 —

And she was queen of Pylos, and bare glorious children to her lord, Nestor and Chromius, and princely Periclymenus, and stately Pero too, the wonder of all men. —
她是派洛斯的王后，生下了荣耀的孩子，奈斯托耳和克罗米乌斯，还有英俊的佩里克里米努斯，雅致的佩若也，被所有人赞叹不已。 —

All that dwelt around were her wooers; but Neleus would not give her, save to him who should drive off from Phylace the kine of mighty Iphicles, with shambling gait and broad of brow, hard cattle to drive. —
所有周围的人都追求她；但涅俄斯只把她交给那些能从费拉凯护送强大的伊菲克勒斯的牛群的人； —

And none but the noble seer 18 took in hand to drive them; —
没有人除了高尚的先知能驾驭它们； —

but a grievous fate from the gods fettered him, even hard bonds and the herdsmen of the wild. —
但是，一个沉重的命运由众神加诸于他，硬绑带和荒野的牧人。 —

But when at length the months and days were being fulfilled, as the year returned upon his course, and the seasons came round, then did mighty Iphicles set him free, when he had spoken out all the oracles; —
但是当最终月份和日子得以实现，随着年复一年的到来，季节循环，伟大的伊菲克勒将他解放，当他说出所有神谕时； —

and herein was the counsel of Zeus being accomplished.
在这里宙斯的计划得以实现。

18 Melampus}
18 梅兰波斯

‘And I saw Lede, the famous bed-fellow of Tyndareus, who bare to Tyndareus two sons, hardy of heart, Castor tamer of steeds, and Polydeuces the boxer. —
“我看见了泰安达妮丽得的著名床伴莱德，她给泰安达妮丽得生了两个儿子，勇敢的卡斯托耳，驯马者，和拳击手波吕泰库斯。 —

These twain yet live, but the quickening earth is over them; —
这两人仍然活着，但活跃的大地覆盖着他们； —

and even in the nether world they have honour at the hand of Zeus. And they possess their life in turn, living one day and dying the next, and they have gotten worship even as the gods.
即使在地下世界，他们也受到宙斯的崇敬。 他们轮流拥有生命，一天活着，第二天死去，他们得到了甚至如神一样的崇拜。

‘And after her I beheld Iphimedeia, bed-fellow of Aloeus, who said that she had lain with Poseidon, and she bare children twain, but short of life were they, godlike Otus and far-famed Ephialtes. —
“之后我看见了阿罗厄斯的床伴伊菲美黛亚，她声称她与波塞冬同床，并生下两个孩子，但他们的生命短暂，神圣的奥特斯和著名的厄菲阿尔提斯。 —

Now these were the tallest men that earth, the graingiver, ever reared, and far the goodliest after the renowned Orion. At nine seasons old they were of breadth nine cubits, and nine fathoms in height. —
他们是地球上长得最高的人，产谷的施主，自有名望的猎户狩猎犬猎物阻挡不住。 —

They it was who threatened to raise even against the immortals in Olympus the din of stormy war. —
他们威胁要在奥林匹斯神山上掀起战争的喧响。 —

They strove to pile Ossa on Olympus, and on Ossa Pelion with the trembling forest leaves, that there might be a pathway to the sky. —
他们试图在奥林匹斯山上堆积奥萨，用颤抖的森林叶覆盖奥萨皮里翁，为了通向天空的道路。 —

Yea, and they would have accomplished it, had they reached the full measure of manhood. —
是的，如果他们长到了成年，他们会完成这一切。 —

But the son of Zeus, whom Leto of the fair locks bare, destroyed the twain, ere the down had bloomed beneath their temples, and darkened their chins with the blossom of youth.
但是宙斯之子，拥有美丽发丝的莱托生的，消灭了他们两人，还未长出鬓发，青春的发芽就已经黑了下巴。

‘And Phaedra and Procris I saw, and fair Ariadne, the daughter of wizard Minos, whom Theseus on a time was bearing from Crete to the hill of sacred Athens, yet had he no joy of her; —
“我看见了菲律达和普罗克里斯，还有美丽的阿里阿德涅，巫师米诺斯的女儿，忒修斯曾带她从克里特岛带到神圣雅典的山上，然而他并没有快乐； —

for Artemis slew her ere that in sea-girt Dia, by reason of the witness of Dionysus.
因为亚尔忒弥斯在海岛迪亚上杀死了她，因为迪俄尼索斯的证词。

‘And Maera and Clymene I saw, and hateful Eriphyle, who took fine gold for the price of her dear lord’s life. —
‘我看到了麦拉和克莱梅涅，还有可恶的厄里菲勒，她以贵重黄金换取了她亲爱丈夫的生命。 —

But I cannot tell or name all the wives and daughters of the heroes that I saw; —
但我无法告诉或列出所有我所见过的英雄的妻子和女儿们； —

ere that, the immortal night would wane. —
在此之前，不朽之夜将会渐渐消逝。 —

Nay, it is even now time to sleep, whether I go to the swift ship to my company or abide here: —
不，现在是时候休息了，不论我是返回快船与同伴还是留在这里； —

and for my convoy you and the gods will care.’
至于我的护送，你和众神会留意的。

So spake he, and dead silence fell on all, and they were spell-bound throughout the shadowy halls. —
他说完，整个厅堂陷入死一般的寂静，他们被咒语所束缚。 —

Then Arete of the white arms first spake among them: —
白臂的阿雷忒首先在他们中间说话了： —

‘Phaeacians, what think you of this man for comeliness and stature, and within for wisdom of heart? —
“费亚喀人，你们认为这个人外表端庄，身材高大，内心智慧过人吗？ —

Moreover he is my guest, though every one of you hath his share in this honour. —
此外，他是我的客人，虽然你们每个人都有份于此荣誉。 —

Wherefore haste not to send him hence, and stint not these your gifts for one that stands in such sore need of them; —
因此不要急于把他遣走，也不要削减你们对一个如此急需的人的恩赐； —

for ye have much treasure stored in your halls by the grace of the gods.’
因为你们的大部分财富都是因神明之恩而在你们的大厅中储存的。”

Then too spake among them the old man, lord Echeneus, that was an elder among the Phaeacians: —
随后，费亚喀人之长老埃凯涅乌斯发言： —

‘Friends, behold, the speech of our wise queen is not wide of the mark, nor far from our deeming, so hearken ye thereto. —
“朋友们，看吧，我们聪明的女王的话并非离题所远，也不超出我们的思考范围，因此请仔细倾听。 —

But on Alcinous here both word and work depend.’
但言行间的决定权在阿尔西诺斯手中。”

Then Alcinous made answer, and spake unto him: —
然后阿尔西诺斯回答，对他说：’ —

‘Yea, the word that she hath spoken shall hold, if indeed I am yet to live and bear rule among the Phaeacians, masters of the oar. —
“是的，如果我还活着，并且在费亚喀人中执掌权柄，她所说的话就会生效，他们是桨手的大师。 —

Howbeit let the stranger, for all his craving to return, nevertheless endure to abide until the morrow, till I make up the full measure of the gift; —
“然而，让这位陌生人尽管渴望回去，还是要忍耐等到明天，直到我把礼物完整给他。 —

and men shall care for his convoy, all men, but I in chief, for mine is the lordship in the land.’
“会有人照顾他的护送，所有人都会，但我会占据主要位置，因为这片土地上的主宰是我。”

And Odysseus of many counsels answered him, saying: —
多谋略的奥德修斯回答道： —

My lord Alcinous, most notable of all the people, if ye bade me tarry here even for a year, and would speed my convoy and give me splendid gifts, even that I would choose; —
“贵族阿尔西诺奥斯，你们部落中最显赫的人，如果你们让我留下一年，安排我的护送，并给我华丽的礼物，我也愿意接受； —

and better would it be for me to come with a fuller hand to mine own dear country, so should I get more love and worship in the eyes of all men, whoso should see me after I was returned to Ithaca.’
“对我来说，最好是带着满满一手的礼物回到我亲爱的祖国，这样我在归来到伊塔卡后会得到更多的爱和尊敬。”

And Alcinous answered him, saying: ‘Odysseus, in no wise do we deem thee, we that look on thee, to be a knave or a cheat, even as the dark earth rears many such broadcast, fashioning lies whence none can even see his way therein. —
阿尔西诺奥斯回答道：“奥德修斯，我们看你绝不认为你是个诈欺和骗子，就像黑暗的大地上养育了许多这样的人，编造谎言，没有人能看清楚其中的真相。” —

But beauty crowns thy words, and wisdom is within thee; —
但是美丽冠以你的言辞，智慧在你心中； —

and thy tale, as when a minstrel sings, thou hast told with skill, the weary woes of all the Argives and of thine own self. —
你像吟游诗人一样巧妙地讲述了阿尔戈斯所有人的疲倦苦难，以及你自己的遭遇。 —

But come, declare me this and plainly tell it all. —
但是，请告诉我这个，清楚地把一切都说出来。 —

Didst thou see any of thy godlike company who went up at the same time with thee to Ilios and there met their doom? —
你是否见到与你同时前往伊利奥斯，并在那里遇难的你那些英勇的同伴？ —

Behold, the night is of great length, unspeakable, and the time for sleep in the hall is not yet; —
瞧，这夜晚漫长，无法言喻，大厅里睡觉的时候还没到； —

tell me therefore of those wondrous deeds. —
因此，请告诉我那些奇迹般的事迹。 —

I could abide even till the bright dawn, so long as thou couldst endure to rehearse me these woes of thine in the hall.’
我愿意等到黎明破晓，只要你能忍受在大厅里为我讲述你的这些苦难。’

And Odysseus of many counsels answered him, saying: —
聪明多谋的奥德修斯回答他说: —

‘My lord Alcinous, most notable of all the people, there is a time for many words and there is a time for sleep. —
‘国王阿尔辛诺斯，请听我说，人生有言多和寝室之时。 —

But if thou art eager still to listen, I would not for my part grudge to tell thee of other things more pitiful still, even the woes of my comrades, those that perished afterward, for they had escaped with their lives from the dread war-cry of the Trojans, but perished in returning by the will of an evil woman.
但如果你仍然渴望倾听，我倒不介意告诉你更加悲惨的事情，甚至是我的同伴们的苦难，那些后来在回家的路上丧命的人，因为他们从特洛伊人的怒吼中逃生了，却在一个邪恶女人的意愿下灭亡。

‘Now when holy Persephone had scattered this way and that the spirits of the women folk, thereafter came the soul of Agamemnon, son of Atreus, sorrowing; —
‘当圣洁的佩耳修倪把女人的灵魂驱散之后, 阿伽门农之魂来了，伤心地； —

and round him others were gathered, the ghosts of them who had died with him in the house of Aegisthus and met their doom. —
他周围聚集了其他人，那些在艾吉斯特斯之家与他一起死去并丧命的幽灵。 —

And he knew me straightway when he had drunk the dark blood, yea, and he wept aloud, and shed big tears as he stretched forth his hands in his longing to reach me. —
他喝了黑暗的血后马上认出了我，哭泣着、放声哀叹，伸出双手渴望地想要接触我。 —

But it might not be, for he had now no steadfast strength nor power at all in moving, such as was aforetime in his supple limbs.
但却不可能，因为他现在没有坚定的力量，也没有任何移动的能力，就像他以前那柔韧的肢体一样。

‘At the sight of him I wept and was moved with compassion, and uttering my voice, spake to him winged words: —
‘看到他，我也忍不住流泪，感到同情，我开口对他说出了有翅膀的词: —

“Most renowned son of Atreus, Agamemnon, king of men, say what doom overcame thee of death that lays men at their length? —
“阿特柔斯之子，名闻天下的阿伽门农，作为众人之王，你说是什么命运使你倒在了死亡之手？ —

Did Poseidon smite thee in thy ships, raising the dolorous blast of contrary winds, or did unfriendly men do thee hurt upon the land, whilst thou wert cutting off their oxen and fair flocks of sheep, or fighting to win a city and the women thereof?”
波塞冬是以怪风袭击你的船只吗，还是敌人在陆地上加害于你，当你割夺他们的牛羊，或争夺城市和其中的女人时？

‘So spake I, and straightway he answered, and said unto me: —
“我如此言语，他立即回答我，对我说： —

“Son of Laertes, of the seed of Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, it was not Poseidon that smote me in my ships, and raised the dolorous blast of contrary winds, nor did unfriendly men do me hurt upon the land, but Aegisthus it was that wrought me death and doom and slew me, with the aid of my accursed wife, as one slays an ox at the stall, after he had bidden me to his house, and entertained me at a feast. —
“宙斯之子拉尔特斯的儿子，多智谋的奥德修斯，并非波塞冬袭击了我的船只，也非敌人在陆地上加害于我，而是艾吉斯特斯害我身亡，夺去我的性命，联合我该诅咒的妻子，就如宰杀牛在牛棚里一样，他请我到他家中，招待我盛宴之际，便害我而死。 —

Even so I died by a death most pitiful, and round me my company likewise were slain without ceasing, like swine with glittering tusks which are slaughtered in the house of a rich and mighty man, whether at a wedding banquet or a joint-feast or a rich clan-drinking. —
如此我死得悲惨无比，我身边的同伴们也死无葬身之地，像闪闪发光獠牙的猪被屠宰于富有权势的人家，无论是在婚礼盛宴，还是共同赴宴，又或是富庶宴饮。 —

Ere now hast thou been at the slaying of many a man, killed in single fight or in strong battle, yet thou wouldst have sorrowed the most at this sight, how we lay in the hall round the mixing-bowl and the laden boards, and the floor all ran with blood. —
你之前曾见过许多人被杀，无论是在单挑还是强力战斗中，然而，你将对这一幕感到最深悲痛，我们躺在大厅中，围绕着搅拌碗和堆满食物的桌椅，地板上全是血。 —

And most pitiful of all that I heard was the voice of the daughter of Priam, of Cassandra, whom hard by me the crafty Clytemnestra slew. —
最悲惨的是我所听到的普利阿姆的女儿卡珊德拉的声音，她被狡猾的克吕泰墨涅斯特拉杀害。 —

Then I strove to raise my hands as I was dying upon the sword, but to earth they fell. —
当我垂死时，我努力抬起双手朝剑挥击却滑落至地。 —

And that shameless one turned her back upon me, and had not the heart to draw down my eyelids with her fingers nor to close my mouth. —
那无耻之人转过背去，无心用手指合上我双眼，闭上我的口。 —

So surely is there nought more terrible and shameless than a woman who imagines such evil in her heart, even as she too planned a foul deed, fashioning death for her wedded lord. —
毫无疑问，没有什么比心中构想着如此邪恶的女人更可怕和无耻，就如她也策划着邪恶的行径，为她的丈夫策划死亡。 —

Verily I had thought to come home most welcome to my children and my thralls; —
我曾认为我将会回家受到孩子们和奴隶们最热烈的欢迎； —

but she, out of the depth of her evil knowledge, hath shed shame on herself and on all womankind, which shall be for ever, even on the upright.”
但她凭着邪恶知识深处的智慧，对自己和所有女人肆意行凶，这种耻辱将永存，甚至于那些正直之人。”

‘Even so he spake, but I answered him, saying: —
“他如此说道，我回答他说： —

“Lo now, in very sooth, hath Zeus of the far-borne voice wreaked wondrous hatred on the seed of Atreus through the counsels of woman from of old. —
“看吧，宙斯那传至遥远的声音，通过长久以来女人的策略，对阿特柔斯的后裔施加了令人惊讶的仇恨。 —

For Helen’s sake so many of us perished, and now Clytemnestra hath practised treason against thee, while yet thou wast afar off.”
“为了海伦，我们众多人遭受了悲惨的命运，如今克吕泰墨涅斯特拉对你构陷，而你却远在异乡。””

‘Even so I spake, and anon he answered me, saying: —
“即使如此，我讲完了，他立即回答我，说： —

“Wherefore do thou too, never henceforth be soft even to thy wife, neither show her all the counsel that thou knowest, but a part declare and let part be hid. —
“因此，你也不要再对你的妻子心软，也不要把你知道的所有计划都告诉她，要保留一部分并隐藏一部分。 —

Yet shalt not thou, Odysseus, find death at the hand of thy wife, for she is very discreet and prudent in all her ways, the wise Penelope, daughter of Icarius. —
但是奥德修斯，你不会因为你的妻子而丧命，因为她在一切行为中都非常谨慎和聪明，是智慧的宾洛佩，伊卡里奥斯的女儿。 —

Verily we left her a bride new wed when we went to the war, and a child was at her breast, who now, methinks, sits in the ranks of men, happy in his lot, for his dear father shall behold him on his coming, and he shall embrace his sire as is meet. —
事实上，当我们去参加战争时，我们把她留下来做新婚的新娘，她怀里抱着一个孩子，现在，我想，这个孩子坐在人群中，幸福地生活着，因为他亲爱的父亲将在他的到来时看到他，并如议见他的父亲。 —

But us for my wife, she suffered me not so much as to have my fill of gazing on my son; —
但是对于我的妻子，她不允许我一睹孩子的容颜； —

ere that she slew me, even her lord. And yet another thing will I tell thee, and do thou ponder it in thy heart. —
于此之前，她即将杀死我，甚至她的领主。还有一件事我要告诉你，你要好好思量。 —

Put thy ship to land in secret, and not openly, on the shore of thy dear country; —
偷偷地把你的船靠岸，而不是公然地在你亲爱的国家的海岸上； —

for there is no more faith in woman. But come, declare me this and plainly tell it all, if haply ye hear of my son as yet living, either, it may be, in Orchomenus or in sandy Pylos, or perchance with Menelaus in wide Sparta, for goodly Orestes hath not yet perished on the earth.”
因为在女人身上再也没有信任。但请告诉我这个，坦率地把一切都告诉我，如果你听说过我的儿子仍然活着，也许，他可能在奥尔霍米诺斯，或者在沙质的皮洛斯，或者也许与梅内劳斯在辽阔的斯巴达，因为优秀的奥雷斯蒂斯在地球上尚未灭亡。”

‘Even so he spake, but I answered him, saying: —
‘他这样说，但我回答他，说： —

“Son of Atreus, wherefore dost thou ask me straitly of these things? —
“阿特里斯的儿子，为什么你这样严厉地问我这些事？ —

Nay I know not at all, whether he be alive or dead; —
不，我一点也不知道，他是活着还是死了； —

it is ill to speak words light as wind.”
说轻飘飘的话是不好的。”

‘Thus we twain stood sorrowing, holding sad discourse, while the big tears fell fast: —
‘我们俩站在那里悲伤，进行着悲伤的交谈，眼泪如雨下： —

and therewithal came the soul of Achilles, son of Peleus, and of Patroclus and of noble Antilochus and of Aias, who in face and form was goodliest of all the Danaans, after the noble son of Peleus. —
而此时阿基里斯的灵魂，佩莱奥斯之子，帕托克劳斯和高尚的安提洛库斯，还有阿贾斯的灵魂，他在战士中是最英俊的，超过了高尚的佩莱奥斯之子。 —

And the spirit of the son of Aeacus, fleet of foot, knew me again, and making lament spake to me winged words:
阿埃亚库斯之子，飞快的脚步，认出了我，并悲恸地对我说出了有翼的话：

‘“Son of Laertes, of the seed of Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, man overbold, what new deed and hardier than this wilt thou devise in thy heart? —
“诸神之子劳提斯之子奥德修斯，多智者，胆大过人，你心中还会筹议出什么新的、更艰难的事迹呢？ —

How durst thou come down to the house of Hades, where dwell the senseless dead, the phantoms of men outworn?”
“你竟敢前往阴间之地，那里住着无感之死者，那些稍纵即逝的幻影？”

‘So he spake, but I answered him: “Achilles, son of Peleus, mightiest far of the Achaeans, I am come hither to seek to Teiresias, if he may tell me any counsel, how I may come to rugged Ithaca. —
“他如此说道，我却回答道：‘阿喀琉斯，佩勒乌斯之子，远比阿契亚人强大，我是前来寻求忒里西亚的，看他是否能告诉我任何建议，让我能够回到荒凉的伊萨卡。 —

For not yet have I come nigh the Achaean land, nor set foot on mine own soil, but am still in evil case; —
‘因为我还没有靠近阿契亚的土地，也没有踏上自己的土地，仍旧处境凄苦； —

while as for thee, Achilles, none other than thou wast heretofore the most blessed of men, nor shall any be hereafter. —
‘而至于你，阿喀琉斯，从前除了你，没有人比你更加幸运，今后也不会有人。 —

For of old, in the days of thy life, we Argives gave thee one honour with the gods, and now thou art a great prince here among the dead. —
‘因为在你生前，我们亚凯阿人将你与诸神之一同等视为至高，如今你在死者之中仍是一位伟大的王。 —

Wherefore let not thy death be any grief to thee, Achilles.”
‘因此，阿喀琉斯，不要为你的死感到伤心。”

‘Even so I spake, and he straightway answered me, and said: —
即使我如此陈述，他立即回答我，说道： —

“Nay, speak not comfortably to me of death, oh great Odysseus. —
“不要用死亡来安慰我，伟大的奥德修斯。 —

Rather would I live on ground 19 as the hireling of another, with a landless man who had no great livelihood, than bear sway among all the dead that be departed. —
与那些已经离开生者的死者一起，我宁愿在他人家中当一个无土地、无大财产的佣工。 —

But come, tell me tidings of that lordly son of mine — did he follow to the war to be a leader or not? —
但是，告诉我关于我的英俊儿子的消息 — 他是否跟随去参加战争成为一位领袖？ —

And tell me of noble Peleus, if thou hast heard aught — is he yet held in worship among the Myrmidons, or do they dishonour him from Hellas to Phthia, for that old age binds him hand and foot? —
如果你听说了什么关于高贵的裴勒乌斯 — 他在默里米冬人中是否仍受尊敬，还是从希腊到普提亚都被人们羞辱，因为老年使他手脚不便？ —

For I am no longer his champion under the sun, so mighty a man as once I was, when in wide Troy I slew the best of the host, and succoured the Argives. —
因为我再也不是他在太阳下的支持者，不像曾经在特洛伊广阔的地方，我杀死最优秀的敌人，救助阿尔戈人。 —

Ah! could I but come for an hour to my father’s house as then I was, so would I make my might and hands invincible, to be hateful to many an one of those who do him despite and keep him from his honour.”
啊！如果我能回到我父亲的房子一小时，像我曾经那样，我会让我的力量和手臂无敌，让许多那些侮辱他并阻止他光荣的人憎恨我。”

19 [Greek] seems to mean ‘upon the earth,’ ‘above ground,’ as opposed to the dead who are below, rather than ‘bound to the soil,’ in which sense most commentators take it.}
他说到这里，我回答他说：

‘Even so he spake, but I answered him saying: —
“至于高贵的Peleus，我实在没有听到过他的消息； —

“As for noble Peleus, verily I have heard nought of him; —
但关于你心爱的儿子Neoptolemus，我会按照你的话实话实说。 —

but concerning thy dear son Neoptolemus, I will tell thee all the truth, according to thy word. —
就是我带领他乘坐我的大空船从斯科洛斯岛出发，跟随着身披华丽护甲的阿契亚人。 —

It was I that led him up out of Scyros in my good hollow ship, in the wake of the goodly-greaved Achaeans. —
每当我们在特洛伊城周围商讨时，他总是第一个开口，言辞准确无误； —

Now oft as we took counsel around Troy town, he was ever the first to speak, and no word missed the mark; —
除了英勇的内斯托耳，只有我能与他相媲美。 —

the godlike Nestor and I alone surpassed him. —
这些话中无刺，我如实告诉你。” —

But whensoever we Achaeans did battle on the plain of Troy, he never tarried behind in the throng or the press of men, but ran out far before us all, yielding to none in that might of his. —
但每当我们希腊人在特洛伊平原上作战时，他从未落后于人群或人群之中，而是远远领先我们所有人，在他的力量中没有人能比他更强大。 —

And many men he slew in warfare dread; but I could not tell of all or name their names, even all the host he slew in succouring the Argives; —
他在可怕的战争中杀死了许多人；但我不能告诉所有人的名字，即使他在援助阿尔戈斯人时杀死了整个军队； —

but, ah, how he smote with the sword that son of Telephus, the hero Eurypylus, and many Ceteians 20 of his company were slain around him, by reason of a woman’s bribe. —
但哦，他是如何用剑刺穿了忒勒福斯之子英勇的欧吕庇卢斯，许多他的同伴塞泰人因一名女子的贿赂而被杀； —

He truly was the comeliest man that ever I saw, next to goodly Memnon. —
他确实是我见过的最英俊的男人，仅次于英俊的墨尔农。 —

And again when we, the best of the Argives, were about to go down into the horse which Epeus wrought, and the charge of all was laid on me, both to open the door of our good ambush and to shut the same, then did the other princes and counsellors of the Danaans wipe away the tears, and the limbs of each one trembled beneath him, but never once did I see thy son’s fair face wax pale, nor did he wipe the tears from his cheeks: —
再次，当我们这些最优秀的阿尔戈斯人准备进入艾贝歧木马时，一切都交给了我，不仅要打开我们善良伏击的门，还要关上它，那么那些达奈人的其他王子和辅助者擦去了眼泪，每个人的肢体都在颤抖，但我从未见过你儿子的英俊脸庞变得苍白，也从未见他擦去面颊上的泪珠； —

but he besought me often to let him go forth from the horse, and kept handling his sword-hilt, and his heavy bronze-shod spear, and he was set on mischief against the Trojans. —
但他经常请求我让他离开木马，一直握着他的剑柄和他沉重的镀铜矛，他准备对特洛伊人行凶； —

But after we had sacked the steep city of Priam, he embarked unscathed with his share of the spoil, and with a noble prize; —
但在我们洗劫了普里阿姆陡峭的城市后，他带着自己的一份战利品和一份高尚的奖品平安无恙登船； —

he was not smitten with the sharp spear, and got no wound in close fight: —
他没有被锋利的矛刺伤，在近身战中也未受伤； —

and many such chances there be in war, for Ares rageth confusedly.”
在战争中有很多这样的机会，因为阿瑞斯混乱地暴怒。

20 See Lenormant, Premieres Civilisations, vol. i. p.289.}
{见勒诺曼，《初期文明》，第一卷第289页。}

‘So I spake, and the spirit of the son of Aeacus, fleet of foot, passed with great strides along the mead of asphodel, rejoicing in that I had told him of his son’s renown.
“于是我说了这番话，快步传递着快足的艾阿古斯之子的灵魂，沿着阿斯佩德勒的草地喜悦地行走，因为我告诉了他儿子的荣誉。

‘But lo, other spirits of the dead that be departed stood sorrowing, and each one asked of those that were dear to them. —
“但是，其他已经逝去的灵魂站在一旁悲伤，每个人都问起他们所深爱的人。 —

The soul of Aias, son of Telamon, alone stood apart being still angry for the victory wherein I prevailed against him, in the suit by the ships concerning the arms of Achilles, that his lady mother had set for a prize; —
悲伤的艾亚斯之子忒拉摩的灵魂单独站在一旁，仍为我在针对阿基里斯的装备之争中胜过他而生气，他为争夺他的母亲太太设置的奖品而生气； —

and the sons of the Trojans made award and Pallas Athene. —
特洛伊人的儿子们做出了裁决，而帕拉斯·雅典娜； —

Would that I had never prevailed and won such a prize! —
但愿我永远不要取得胜利，赢得如此一份奖品！” —

So goodly a head hath the earth closed over, for the sake of those arms, even over Aias, who in beauty and in feats of war was of a mould above all the other Danaans, next to the noble son of Peleus. —
大地厚厚地覆盖了一位如此出色的头颅，为了那双臂，甚至是阿伊阿斯，他在美丽和战功上超过所有其他的丹拿人，仅次于贝勒士的贵族之子。 —

To him then I spake softly, saying:
我轻声对他说：

‘“Aias, son of noble Telamon, so art thou not even in death to forget thy wrath against me, by reason of those arms accursed, which the gods set to be the bane of the Argives? —
“阿伊阿斯，高贵的泰勒门之子，即使在死亡中，你也不会忘记对我的愤怒，因为那些被神灵注定为阿尔基俄斯的祸根的臂膀？ —

What a tower of strength fell in thy fall, and we Achaeans cease not to sorrow for thee, even as for the life of Achilles, son of Peleus! —
多么坚固的城堡在你的倒下中倒塌，我们的阿伽伊斯人为你悲伤，就像为贝勒士之子阿喀琉斯的生命一样！ —

Nay, there is none other to blame, but Zeus, who hath borne wondrous hate to the army of the Danaan spearsmen, and laid on thee thy doom. —
不，没有其他东西值得责备，只有宙斯，他对丹拿的枪兵产生了极大的仇恨，并给你注定了厄运。 —

Nay, come hither, my lord, that thou mayest hear my word and my speech; —
不，来这里，我的主人，你可以听到我的话语和我的言论； —

master thy wrath and thy proud spirit.”
抑制你的怒气和骄傲的心。

‘So I spake, but he answered me not a word and passed to Erebus after the other spirits of the dead that be departed. —
我这样说，但他没有回答我，只是默默无语地经过，到了埃里伯斯，和其他去世的灵魂一起。 —

Even then, despite his anger, would he have spoken to me or I to him, but my heart within me was minded to see the spirits of those others that were departed.
尽管他愤怒，他甚至要和我说话，但在我心中，我意志着看到那些已去世的人的灵魂。

‘There then I saw Minos, glorious son of Zeus, wielding a golden sceptre, giving sentence from his throne to the dead, while they sat and stood around the prince, asking his dooms through the wide-gated house of Hades.
然后我看见米诺斯，宙斯的光荣儿子，手持一根黄金权杖，在他的宝座上对死者做出裁决，而他们坐立在王子周围，通过阴间的广大大门问他的裁决。

‘And after him I marked the mighty Orion driving the wild beasts together over the mead of asphodel, the very beasts that himself had slain on the lonely hills, with a strong mace all of bronze in his hands, 21 that is ever unbroken.
接着我看到强大的猎户猎手猎杀野兽，把它们聚集在阿斯弗德勒的牧草上，这些野兽本是他在荒凉的山岭上亲手杀害的，他手持一柄铜制的坚固权杖。

21 [Greek] in strict grammar agrees with [Greek] in 574, but this merely by attraction, for in sense it refers not to the living man, but to his phantom.}
21 在严格的语法上与 574 中的一致，但这仅仅是引诱，因为在意义上，它不是指活人，而是指他的幽灵。

‘And I saw Tityos, son of renowned Earth, lying on a levelled ground, and he covered nine roods as he lay, and vultures twain beset him one on either side, and gnawed at his liver, piercing even to the caul, but he drave them not away with his hands. —
我看见了著名地球之子提夸斯，躺在一个平整的地面上，他躺着的面积有九亩，两只秃鹰围绕在他两侧，啄食着他的肝脏，刺穿了膈膜，但他并未用手将它们赶走。 —

For he had dealt violently with Leto, the famous bedfellow of Zeus, as she went up to Pytho through the fair lawns of Panopeus.
因为他曾暴力对待宙斯的贤妻莱托，当她穿过帕诺庇斯美丽的草地前去毕斯托。

‘Moreover I beheld Tantalus in grievous torment, standing in a mere and the water came nigh unto his chin. —
况且我看见坦塔罗斯在剧痛中，站在水潭中，水几乎到了他的下巴。 —

And he stood straining as one athirst, but he might not attain to the water to drink of it. —
他站在那里拼命地伸展，好像口渴的人，但却无法接近水去喝。 —

For often as that old man stooped down in his eagerness to drink, so often the water was swallowed up and it vanished away, and the black earth still showed at his feet, for some god parched it evermore. —
因为每当那位老人急切地弯腰去喝水时，水就会被吞噬并消失，黑色的土地仍然显示在他的脚下，似乎某个神不断地使其干涸。 —

And tall trees flowering shed their fruit overhead, pears and pomegranates and apple trees with bright fruit, and sweet figs and olives in their bloom, whereat when that old man reached out his hands to clutch them, the wind would toss them to the shadowy clouds.
高大的开花树在头顶上洒下果实，梨子、石榴、结满明亮果实的苹果树，还有甜美的无花果和开花的橄榄树，但当那位老人伸手去抓时，风会将它们撒向阴影的云端。

‘Yea and I beheld Sisyphus in strong torment, grasping a monstrous stone with both his hands. —
‘是的，我看到西西弗斯受着强烈的折磨，用双手抱着一个庞大的石头。 —

He was pressing thereat with hands and feet, and trying to roll the stone upward toward the brow of the hill. —
他用手脚努力推着，试图把石头往上滚到山顶。 —

But oft as he was about to hurl it over the top, the weight would drive him back, so once again to the plain rolled the stone, the shameless thing. —
但是每当他快推石头到山顶时，重量会把他推回去，于是石头又在平原上滚动，这真是耻辱的事情。 —

And he once more kept heaving and straining, and the sweat the while was pouring down his limbs, and the dust rose upwards from his head.
他再次用力呼吸，流汗，汗水从他的肢体上淌下来，灰尘从他头上升腾而起。

‘And after him I descried the mighty Heracles, his phantom, I say; —
‘随后我看到巨人赫拉克勒斯的幽灵，我说; —

but as for himself he hath joy at the banquet among the deathless gods, and hath to wife Hebe of the fair ankles, child of great Zeus, and of Here of the golden sandals. —
但是他本人在不死神中的宴会上很高兴，并有着有着金色胳膊的赫拉琪为妻，她是大宙斯的孩子，赫拉的黄金凉鞋。 —

And all about him there was a clamour of the dead, as it were fowls flying every way in fear, and he like black Night, with bow uncased, and shaft upon the string, fiercely glancing around, like one in the act to shoot. —
死者围绕着他，就像受惊飞翔的鸟，他像黑夜，解开弓，箭在弦上，凶猛地四处瞥视，像一个即将射击的人。 —

And about his breast was an awful belt, a baldric of gold, whereon wondrous things were wrought, bears and wild boars and lions with flashing eyes, and strife and battles and slaughters and murders of men. —
他的胸前绑着一条可怕的金色腰带，上面有着奇妙的图案，有着闪烁着眼睛的熊、野猪和狮子，以及斗争、战斗、杀戮和屠杀人类。 —

Nay, now that he hath fashioned this, never another may he fashion, whoso stored in his craft the device of that belt! —
不，现在他制作了这个，就再也不能制作其他的了，谁将他的手艺储存在那条腰带的设备！ —

And anon he knew me when his eyes beheld me, and making lament he spake unto me winged words:
不久他看见我，当他的眼睛看到我时，他认出我，并悲伤地对我说了有翅膀的话:

‘“Son of Laertes, of the seed of Zeus, Odysseus of many devices: ah! —
‘’拉提斯之子，宙斯的子孙，多智多谋的奥德修斯: 啊! —

wretched one, dost thou too lead such a life of evil doom, as I endured beneath the rays of the sun? I was the son of Zeus Cronion, yet had I trouble beyond measure, for I was subdued unto a man far worse than I. And he enjoined on me hard adventures, yea and on a time he sent me hither to bring back the hound of hell; —
可怜的人，你也过着这样一个充满厄运的生活，就像我在太阳下所忍受的一样？我是宙斯克罗尼奥的儿子，但我经历了无以伦比的痛苦，因为我被一位比我更坏的人所制服。他让我经历艰难的历险，也让我来这里带回地狱的狗; —

for he devised no harder task for me than this. —
因为他给我设计的任务没有比这更为艰难的。 —

I lifted the hound and brought him forth from out of the house of Hades; —
我抱起猎犬，从阴间的房屋里带了出来； —

and Hermes sped me on my way and the grey-eyed Athene.”
赫尔墨斯加速我的步伐，而灰眼的雅典娜。

‘Therewith he departed again into the house of Hades, but I abode there still, if perchance some one of the hero folk besides might come, who died in old time. —
“随后他再次离去，回到阴间的房屋，而我依然停留在那里，或许还会有一些先贤英雄到来，他们早已逝去。 —

Yea and I should have seen the men of old, whom I was fain to look on, Theseus and Peirithous, renowned children of the gods. —
是的，我永远向往着见到先贤们，忒修斯和皮里托斯，那些享誉神后之子。 —

But ere that might be the myriad tribes of the dead thronged up together with wondrous clamour: —
但在那之前，无数亡者聚集在一起，发出惊人的喧哗声： —

and pale fear gat hold of me, lest the high goddess Persephone should send me the head of the Gorgon, that dread monster, from out of Hades.
一阵恐惧从我心中升起，担心至尊女神珀耳塞福涅会派遣呈现从阴间而来的那头蛇发女怪的蛇头。

‘Straightway then I went to the ship, and bade my men mount the vessel, and loose the hawsers. —
“于是我立即走向船上，命令我的伙伴上船，解开缆绳。 —

So speedily they went on board, and sat upon the benches. —
他们迅速登船，坐在船舷上。 —

And the wave of the flood bore the barque down the stream of Oceanus, we rowing first, and afterwards the fair wind was our convoy.
洋流将船带入大洋之河的洪流中，我们首先划着桨，随后顺风而行。